Water is a precious and irreplaceable resource. Although 70% of the Planet is covered by water, only 2.5% is fresh water, most of which is trapped in ice caps and glaciers. This means that the amount of water available for consumption is limited, and we must use it wisely. This also applies to hydropower generation. What is multiple water use? Multiple use of water means using the same water resource for different purposes in a sustainable and responsible way. This approach is key to ensuring that everyone has access to the water they need, without waste. The three priorities in water use are, in order of importance: Human consumption: the first priority is to ensure clean water for the general population. Without clean water, we cannot survive. Irrigation: right after that comes agricultural use. Crops need water in order to grow and, consequently, to feed us. Energy production: water is also used for hydroelectric energy, a clean and renewable source. How does water use work at a power plant? Hydropower plants play a key role in integrated water use. Not only do they produce clean energy, but they also help in the management of water resources. For example, water used for producing energy can be fed back into local water systems, and in this way it can be made available for other uses such as human consumption and irrigation. During periods of drought or flooding, hydropower plants can regulate water flow in order to minimize damage and ensure that resources are used in the most efficient way. Hydropower plants also carry out cleanup work on reservoirs and streams, blocking and disposing of any solid waste, thereby combating pollution. In general, the management of reservoirs and dams prioritizes water conservation for drinking purposes, then comes water conservation for agricultural, livestock, recreational and environmental uses. And, last but not least, if there’s an abundance of water, hydropower generation. Future challenges and innovation Climate change makes water management even more critical. In the future, we might see, for example, the use of treated wastewater (sewage) to power hydroelectric plants, further optimizing the use of water resources. Multiple use of water, in short, is a key strategy for ensuring that this vital resource is available for all essential uses. Hydropower plants, with their ability to manage and optimize water use, are a perfect example of how we can meet the challenges of the future in a sustainable and responsible way.
